بررسی اثرات سطوح جیره‌ای مختلف انرژی و پروتئین جیره بر عملکرد، اجزای لاشه و برخی فراسنجه‌های خونی بلدرچین ژاپنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان شمالی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بجنورد، خراسان شمالی، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان جنوبی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بیرجند، خراسان جنوبی، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، خراسان جنوبی، ایران

چکیده

به منظور تعیین سطح مطلوب انرژی و پروتئین در جیرة دورة رشد بلدرچین ژاپنی، آزمایشی با استفاده از 360 قطعه بلدچین ژاپنی 5 روزه با میانگین وزنی 1±14 گرم انجام شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و به صورت فاکتوریل با دو سطح انرژی قابل متابولیسم (2800 و 2900 کیلوکالری در کیلوگرم) و سه سطح پروتئین (22، 24 و 26 درصد) طراحی و اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل، چهار تکرار و در هر تکرار 15 قطعه بلدرچین در نظر گرفته شد. بلدرچین‌ها به مدت 42 روز روی بستر پرورش داده شدند. توزین خوراک مصرفی و وزن بدن در روزهای ۵، ۱۴، ۲۸ و ۴۲ انجام شد و ضریب تبدیل خوراک محاسبه گردید. در پایان دورة آزمایشی، از هر واحد آزمایشی دو قطعه بلدرچین به‌ صورت تصادفی انتخاب و پس از خون‌گیری حین کشتار از سیاهرگ وداج، به‌ منظور بررسی صفات لاشه، کشتار شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که افزایش وزن، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفت، به طوری که بالاترین افزایش وزن و کمترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک در بلدرچین‌های تغذیه شده با جیرة حاوی 2900 کیلوکالری در کیلوگرم انرژی قابل متابولیسم و 26 درصد پروتئین خام مشاهده شد. اثر متقابل انرژی و پروتئین بر درصد وزن لاشه، سینه، ران، کبد و چربی محوطه بطنی معنی‌دار بود. غلظت سرمی کلسترول، HDL و پروتئین کل نیز تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند. به طور کلی، استفاده از جیرة حاوی 2900 کیلوکالری بر کیلوگرم انرژی قابل متابولیسم و 26 درصد پروتئین خام، جهت حصول عملکرد مناسب و سطح پایین کلسترول و چربی محوطه بطنی توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different dietary energy and protein levels on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and selected blood parameters of Japanese quail

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Afshin 1
  • Navid Ghavipanje 2
  • Nazar Afzali 3
  • Tiam Radin 3
1 Department of Animal Science, North Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bojnord, North Khorasan, Iran
2 Department of Animal Science, South Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran
3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This experiment was conducted to determine the optimal dietary energy and protein levels during the growing period of Japanese quail. A total of 360 five-day-old Japanese quails with an average body weight of 14 ± 1 g were used. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement including two levels of metabolizable energy (2,800 and 2,900 kcal/kg) and three levels of crude protein (22, 24, and 26%). The experimental treatments consisted of four replicates, each containing 15 quails. Birds were reared on litter for 42 days. Feed intake and body weight were recorded on days 5, 14, 28, and 42, and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At the end of the experimental period, two quails were randomly selected from each experimental unit and slaughtered after blood sampling from the jugular vein to evaluate carcass traits. The results indicated that body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were significantly affected by the experimental treatments, such that the highest weight gain and the lowest feed conversion ratio were observed in quails fed a diet containing 2,900 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 26% crude protein. The interaction effects of dietary energy and protein levels were significant on carcass yield, breast, thigh, liver, and abdominal fat percentages. Serum concentrations of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and total protein were also significantly influenced by the dietary treatments. Overall, the use of a diet containing 2,900 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 26% crude protein is recommended to achieve optimal performance along with lower serum cholesterol levels and reduced abdominal fat deposition in Japanese quail.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cholesterol
  • Energy
  • Internal organs
  • Japanese quail
  • Protein

مراجع

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علمی- ترویجی (حرفه‌ای) دامِستیک
دوره 26، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 36
در حال تکمیل شدن
خرداد 1405
صفحه 42-49

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