حساسیت به پروتئین‌های شیر و روش‌های پیشگیری و کنترل آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی تغذیه طیور، گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی دام، گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، البرز، کرج، ایران

چکیده

شیر گاو منبع غنی پروتئین و تمام اسیدهای آمینۀ ضروری است. پروتئین موجود در لبنیات به رشد و ترمیم عضلات کمک می‌کند. امّا عدم تحمل پروتئین شیر عارضه‌ای است که در اثر آن دستگاه گوارش افراد به ویژه خردسالان نسبت به پروتئین شیر گاو واکنش نشان می‌دهد. حساسیت به پروتئین شیر گاو (CMPA) یک بیماری شایع گوارشی و متابولیک و یا آلرژیک با سطوح مختلف شیوع از 2/5 درصد در کودکان در طول سه سال اول زندگی تا ۱۲ الی ۳۰ درصد در کودکان زیر سه ماه است و می‌تواند حتی تا ۲۰ درصد در برخی کشورها بالا رود. این حساسیت اغلب در دوران کودکی و نوزادی، به طور معمول در ۱۲ ماه اول زندگی تظاهر می‌یابد. شیر گاو یکی از شایع‌ترین علل آنافیلاکسی و التهاب مری ناشی از مواد غذایی است. آنتروپاتی شیر گاو می‌تواند با اسهال طولانی و عدم رشد همراه باشد. التهاب مری، ناهنجاری‌های الکتریکی معده (الکتروگاستروگرافیک)، تأخیر در گفتار، اسهال و استفراغ و دیابت از دیگر پیامدهای گزارش شده در مورد حساسیت به پروتئین‌های شیر گاو است. با این وجود حساسیت به شیر گاو با استفاده از روش‌های مختلفی مانند جایگزین کردن شیر گاو با شتر یا عملیات حرارتی و ... قابل کنترل و پیشگیری می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Allergy to milk proteins and its prevention and control methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kimia Aliverdi Nasab 1
  • Omid Bouzari 2
1 Ph.D. student of Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, East Azerbaijan, Tabriz, Iran
2 M.Sc. Student of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Alborz, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cow's milk is a rich source of protein and all essential amino acids. The protein in dairy products helps in muscle growth and restoration. While, milk protein intolerance is a condition in which people's digestive systems, especially children, react to cow's milk protein. Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common digestive and metabolic or allergic disorder with different levels of prevalence ranging from 2.5% during the first three years of life to 12-30% before 3rd months of age. It has been reported to go up to 20% in some countries. Within the first 12 months of life, CMPA typically manifests in infancy and early childhood. Cow's milk is one of the most common causes of food-induced anaphylaxis and esophagitis. Cow's milk enteropathy can be associated with prolonged diarrhea and failure to thrive. Esophagitis, electrical abnormalities of the stomach (electro gastro graphic), delayed speech, diarrhea and vomiting, and diabetes are other reported consequences of cow's milk protein sensitivity. However, sensitivity to cow's milk can be controlled and prevented by using different methods such as replacing cow's milk with camel's milk or heat treatment, etc.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Digestive disorder
  • Milk protein
  • Sensitivity
  • Milk

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