Manganese is an essential mineral element that plays a key role in strengthening the immune system and improving the growth performance of broiler chickens. This micronutrient influences metabolic processes, antioxidant production, and enzymatic activities, significantly enhancing birds’ resistance to pathogens and reducing environmental stressors. This article provides a comprehensive review of manganese's effects, related scientific findings, and various biological mechanisms. It examines the consumption of mineral supplements and their impact on the immune system of broiler chickens. Studies have shown that manganese, as a component of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, plays an important role in reducing oxidative stress and enhancing immune responses. Additionally, this element is involved in bone formation, collagen production, and the increase of immunoglobulin production. Manganese deficiency can lead to decreased immune system performance and growth problems in broiler chickens, whereas its inclusion in the diet improves health and enhances the quality of the final product. Overall, the use of manganese can serve as an effective nutritional strategy, not only promoting bird health but also potentially reducing the need for antibiotics in certain industrial farming conditions. Further studies on its effects in different breeding, environmental, and management contexts are recommended for future research.