اثرات گیاهان دارویی بر کاهش تنش گرمایی در طیور

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی‌ارشد علوم و مهندسی باغبانی گرایش گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، خراسان جنوبی، ایران

2 کارشناسی‌ارشد علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، پردیس علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گرگان، گرگان، گلستان، ایران

چکیده

تنش گرمایی، یکی از چالش‌های پرورش طیور، به خصوص در مناطق دارای آب و هوای گرم است. تنش گرمایی در طیور باعث اختلال در هموستاز و تعادل داخلی پایدار طیور می‌شود. تنش، یک پاسخ بیولوژیکی برای به دست آوردن مجدد تعادل است که در واکنش به فاکتورهای مختلفی مثل دمای بالای محیط، رطوبت، تابش حرارت و سرعت هوا اتفاق میافتد که از میان آن‌ها دمای بالای محیط نقش مهمی را ایفا می‌کند که باعث زیان اقتصادی می‌شود. تنش گرمایی در طیور شرایطی است که پرندگان در رسیدن به تعادل بین تولید حرارت در بدن و از دست دادن حرارت مشکل دارند. تأثیر مضر تنش گرمایی بر انواع طیور شامل کاهش نرخ رشد، کاهش اشتها، افزایش ضریب تبدیل خوراک، کاهش تولید تخم‌مرغ، افت کیفیت گوشت و تخم‌مرغ می‌باشد. گیاهان دارویی، حاوی ترکیبات زیست فعال مختلف با اثرات آنتی‌اکسیدانی، ضدمیکروبی، ضدالتهابی و تعدیل کننده سیستم ایمنی هستند. ترکیبات زیست فعال مختلفی که قادر به بهبود تحمل حرارتی طیور در هنگام قرار گرفتن در معرض چالش‌های حرارتی هستند، در گونه‌ها و قسمت‌های مختلف گیاهان دارویی شناسایی شده است. با توجه به فعالیت‌های بیولوژیکی گیاهان دارویی، می‌توان از آن در جیره طیور به ‌عنوان عوامل اثربخش تحمل گرما در شرایط تنش گرمایی استفاده کرد. با شناخت دقیق تر تنش حرارتی، عوامل مستعد کننده آن و راهکارهای کاهش دهنده، می‌توان اثرات منفی تنش حرارتی را به حداقل رساند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of medicinal plants on reducing heat stress in poultry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mani Jabbari 1
  • Mitra Jabbari 2
1 M.Sc. of Horticultural Science, Major in Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Birjand, Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran
2 M.Sc. of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Plant Production, Campus of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources at the University of Gorgan, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Heat stress is one of the challenges of poultry farming, especially in regions with hot weather. Heat stress in poultry causes disturbance in homeostasis and stable internal balance of poultry. Stress is a biological response to regain balance, which occurs as a result of the reaction of various factors such as high ambient temperature, humidity, heat radiation, and air speed, among which high ambient temperature plays an important role that causes it becomes an economic loss. Heat stress in poultry is a condition in which birds have difficulty in achieving a balance between heat production in the body and heat loss. The harmful effects of heat stress on poultry include reduced growth rate, reduced appetite, increased food conversion ratio, reduced egg production, and decreased quality of meat and eggs. Medicinal plants contain various bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immune system modulating effects. Various bioactive compounds capable of improving thermal tolerance of poultry when exposed to thermal challenges have been identified in different species and parts of medicinal plants. Considering the biological activities of medicinal plants, it can be used as a promising heat tolerance factor in poultry diet under heat stress conditions. With a more detailed understanding of thermal stress, its predisposing factors and reducing strategies, the negative effects of thermal stress can be minimized.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Cholesterol
  • Dill
  • Olive
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