مروری بر فعالیت بیولوژیکی لیزوفسفولیپیدها و تاثیر آن بر عملکرد نشخوارکنندگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- ترویجی

نویسنده

دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد تغذیه دام، گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

لیزوفسفولیپیدها برای نیازهای سلول‌های موجودات زنده بسیار مهم هستند؛ زیرا جزء ساختار ضروری سلول‌ها بوده و همچنین نقش اصلی آن‌ها در تأمین انرژی مورد نیاز سلول‌های اپیتلیال روده است. گوساله‌های شیرخوار به دلیل ترشح کم نمک‌های صفراوی، حداکثر استفاده را از چربی جیره نمی‌کنند، بنابراین افزودن امولسیفایرهای (امولسیون کننده) چربی در تغذیۀ گوساله‌ها بسیار ضروری است. در نشخوارکنندگان بالغ نیز لیزوفسفولیپیدها عملکرد گاو و گوسفند را بهبود می‌بخشند. بسیاری از مطالعات بهبود کیفیت شیر و گوشت تولید شده از گاو و گوسفند را نشان داده‌اند، زیرا لیزوفسفولیپیدها به نشخوارکنندگان اجازه می‌دهد تا مواد غذایی متعادلی مصرف کنند که تمام نیازهای تغذیه‌ای را برآورده می‌کند. بنابراین، محیط شکمبه را با کاهش تغییرات در pH شکمبه و بهبود تخمیر شکمبه، بدون کاهش وزن در طول دورۀ شیردهی و بروز اسیدوز، تثبیت می‌کند. در این مقاله مروری علاوه بر نقش مهم لیزوفسفولیپیدها در متابولیسم چربی‌ها، پروتئین‌ها و مواد معدنی، مطالعات انجام شده در خصوص تأثیر لیزوفسفولیپیدها در تغذیۀ نشخوارکنندگان بررسی شدند.

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