اهمیت اندوتوکسین‌های باکتریایی در پرورش طیور

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری تخصصی علوم دامی، مدیر واحد تحقیق و توسعه، شرکت سپیدماکیان، رشت، گیلان، ایران

2 دکتری تخصصی علوم دامی، پژوهشگر واحد تحقیق و توسعه شرکت سپیدماکیان، رشت، گیلان، ایران

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد تغذیه طیور، گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

10.22059/domesticsj.2024.376729.1150

چکیده

اندوتوکسین یک ترکیب سمّی از جنس لیپوپلی‌ساکارید است که در غشای خارجی باکتری‌های گرم منفی وجود داشته و نقش حفاظتی در برابر آسیب‌های محیطی ایفا می‌کند. طیور در طول دوره پرورش خود به طور مداوم در معرض لیپوپلی‌ساکاریدها قرار دارند. در پرندگان سالم، بافت پوششی روده، پوست یا ریه‌ها، سد دفاعی مؤثری برای جلوگیری از انتقال این سمّ به جریان خون هستند. با توجه به تجمع باکتری‌های گرم منفی در روده، این بافت از بدن به عنوان بزرگترین منبع اندوتوکسین‌ها در حیوانات به شمار می‌رود. در صورت ورود اندوتوکسین‌ها به جریان خون، سیستم ایمنی به طور مزمن تحریک شده و با تخریب سلول‌های روده، افزایش فاکتورهای استرس اکسیداتیو و مصرف انرژی برای سم‌زدایی از بدن، عملکرد تولیدی پرنده را کاهش می‌دهد. هدف از این بررسی کوتاه درک ساختار و عملکرد، چگونگی تحریک سیستم ایمنی و تاثیر آن بر عملکرد طیور و در نهایت مرور روش‌های پیشگیری و تشخیص در چالش اندوتوکسین است.

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