Integration approach of omics technology and systems biology to identify molecular mechanisms associated with the fertility of livestock species

Document Type : Scientific-Extensional Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student of Animal and Poultry Breeding & Genetics, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Ph.D. Student of Animal and Poultry Breeding & Genetics, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Fertility is a very important economic trait in the animal and poultry industry, which directly affects the efficiency, economic profit, and cost of animal husbandry units. However, the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms involved in the diversity of fertility among animals in different animal and poultry species have not been fully characterized yet. Fertility is a complex trait controlled by multiple biological pathways and complex gene regulatory networks. Advances in omics technologies and systems biology approaches provide new opportunities to discover molecular mechanisms governing complex traits, especially fertility in livestock species. Integrating data from different layers of omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) with computational modeling can provide a better understanding of biological pathways and key molecular mechanisms regulating fertility. Understanding these complex regulatory mechanisms of fertility using multi-omics data in the framework of systems biology (biological network models) is essential to elucidate genotype-phenotype relationships, identification of genes, SNPs, gene expression regulatory factors as well as metabolic and signaling pathways as fertility biomarkers for breeding applications, and reveal targets for therapeutic intervention. Realizing the full potential of integrating omics technologies with systems biology will require multi-disciplinary collaboration and removing data integration obstacles and knowledge gaps in fundamental reproductive biology across livestock species. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present information related to the integration of omics technologies and system biology, as well as its role and importance in breeding programs and strategies related to fertility traits in the animal and poultry industry.

Keywords

References

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Professional Journal of Domestic
Volume 24, Issue 1 - Serial Number 28
In Progress
June 2024
Pages 25-38

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